Sugarcane is one of the most important crops in the tropics, with a global production estimated at ~ 1 million tons a year and a cropped area of about 20 millions hectares. Objective: Evaluate the potential of new generation SAR sensors, such as TerraSAR-X (acquisition of images at VHSR ~1 m, with a short revisit interval “daily to weekly”) ; Relationship between TerraSAR-X signal and sugarcane height as a function of instrumental parameters (polarization and incidence), and precipitation ; Potential of TerraSAR-X for mapping harvested sugarcane crop.